2014 – 2015
Florida Department of Education
Curriculum Framework 

Program Title:	Diagnostic Medical Sonography Specialist
Career Cluster:	Health Science

CCC	
CIP Number	0351091001	
Program Type	College Credit Certificate (CCC)	
Program Length	42 credit hours	
CTSO	HOSA: Future Health Professionals	
SOC Codes (all applicable) 	29-2032 Diagnostic Medical Sonographers
	
Targeted Occupation List	http://www.labormarketinfo.com/wec/TargetOccupationList.htm	
Perkins Technical Skill Attainment Inventory	http://www.fldoe.org/workforce/perkins/perkins_resources.asp 	
Statewide Articulation	http://www.fldoe.org/workforce/dwdframe/artic_frame.asp 	

Purpose

This certificate program is part of the Diagnostic Medical Sonography Technology AS degree program (1351091000).  

A College Credit Certificate consists of a program of instruction of less than sixty (60) credits of college-level courses, which is part of an AS or AAS degree program and prepares students for entry into employment (Rule 6A-14.030, F.A.C.).

This program offers a sequence of courses that provides coherent and rigorous content aligned with challenging academic standards and relevant technical knowledge and skills needed to prepare for further education and careers in the Health Science career cluster; provides technical skill proficiency, and includes competency-based applied learning that contributes to the academic knowledge, higher-order reasoning and problem-solving skills, work attitudes, general employability skills, technical skills, and occupation-specific skills, and knowledge of all aspects of Health Science career cluster. 

The program is designed to prepare students for employment as diagnostic medical sonographers, SOC Code 29-2032, or to provide supplemental training for persons previously or currently employed in this occupation.  

The content includes but is not limited to anatomy, physiology and pathology of the abdominal, pelvic, and urogenital structures; physics; instrumentation; equipment standards; biological effect of ultrasound; patient care; clinical medicine; applications and limitations of ultra‑sound; related diagnostic procedures; image evaluation; administration; first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation; employability skills; leadership and human relations skills; health and safety.
  
Additional Information relevant to this Career and Technical Education (CTE) program is provided at the end of this document.

Standards

After successfully completing this program, the student will be able to perform the following:

01.0	Demonstrate knowledge of the health care delivery system and health occupations.
02.0	Demonstrate the ability to communicate and use interpersonal skills effectively.
03.0	Demonstrate legal and ethical responsibilities.
04.0	Demonstrate an understanding of and apply wellness and disease concepts.
05.0	Recognize and practice safety and security procedures.
06.0	Recognize and respond to emergency situations.
07.0	Recognize and practice infection control procedures.
08.0	Demonstrate an understanding of information technology applications in healthcare.
09.0	Demonstrate employability skills.
10.0	Demonstrate knowledge of blood borne diseases, including HIV/AIDS.
11.0	Apply basic math and science skills. 
12.0	Demonstrate an awareness of the uses of ultrasound imaging, types of presentations, orientation, and relationships to other imaging modalities.
13.0	Demonstrate an awareness of the basic principles of ultrasound physics, emphasizing practical relationships of physics to proper diagnosis.
14.0	Demonstrate an awareness of ultrasound physics by exploring the various aspects of the field through individual experimentation.
15.0	Apply knowledge of the anatomy and scanning techniques related to the upper abdominal organs and systems.
16.0	Demonstrate an awareness of the basic principles of instrumentation common to the field of ultrasound.
17.0	Apply knowledge gained in instrumentation lecture and work with actual ultrasound scanners similar to those found in local hospitals.
18.0	Demonstrate awareness of knowledge of anatomy, pathology, and scanning techniques used in modern sonography for obstetrics and gynecology.
19.0	Apply knowledge of anatomy, pathology, and scanning techniques used in modern sonography for obstetrics and gynecology.
20.0	Demonstrate awareness of knowledge of anatomy, pathology, and scanning techniques used in modern sonography of the genitourinary system.
21.0	Develop a continuous awareness of the disease process.
22.0	Apply accumulated knowledge to the process of creating diagnostic sonograms.
23.0	Apply skills needed to complete diagnostic images of high quality from a variety of scanning units.

2014 – 2015
Florida Department of Education
Student Performance Standards

Program Title:	Diagnostic Medical Sonography Specialist
CIP Number:	0351091001
Program Length:	42 credit hours
SOC Code(s):		29-2032

This certificate program is part of the Diagnostic Medical Sonography Technology AS degree program (1351091000).  At the completion of this program, the student will be able to:
	
01.0	Demonstrate knowledge of the health care delivery system and health occupations–The student will be able to:	
01.01	Identify the basic components of the health care delivery system including public, private, government and non-profit.	
01.02	Identify common methods of payment for healthcare services.	
01.03	Describe the various types of healthcare providers and the range of services available including resources to victims of domestic violence. 	
01.04	Describe the composition and functions of a healthcare team. 	
01.05	Identify the general roles and responsibilities of the   individual members of the healthcare team. 	
01.06	Identify the roles and responsibilities of the consumer within the healthcare delivery system. 	
01.07	Identify characteristics of effective teams. 	
01.08	Recognize methods for building positive team relationships.	
01.09	Analyze attributes and attitudes of an effective leader. 	
01.10	Recognize factors and situations that may lead to conflict.	
01.11	Demonstrate effective techniques for managing team conflict. 	
01.12	Describe factors that influence the current delivery system of healthcare.	
01.13	Explain the impact of emerging issues including technology, epidemiology, bioethics and socioeconomics on healthcare delivery systems. 	
02.0	Demonstrate the ability to communicate and use interpersonal skills effectively–The student will be able to:	
02.01	Develop basic speaking and active listening skills.	
02.02	Develop basic observational skills and related documentation strategies in written and oral form.	
02.03	Identify characteristics of successful and unsuccessful communication including communication styles and barriers. 	
02.04	Respond to verbal and non-verbal cues. 	
02.05	Compose written communication using correct spelling, grammar, a formatting and confidentiality and specific formats of letter writing.	
02.06	Use appropriate medical terminology and abbreviations. 	
02.07	Recognize the importance of courtesy and respect for patients and other healthcare workers and maintain good interpersonal relationships. 	
02.08	Recognize the importance of patient/client educations regarding healthcare. 	
02.09	Adapt communication skills to varied levels of understanding and cultural orientation including diverse age, cultural, economic, ethnic and religious groups. 	
02.10	Analyze elements of communication using a sender-receiver model.	
02.11	Distinguish between and report subjective and objective information. 	
02.12	Report relevant information in order of occurrence. 	
03.0	Demonstrate legal and ethical responsibilities–The student will be able to:	
03.01	Discuss the legal framework of the healthcare occupations including scope of practice legislation.	
03.02	Explain practices that could result in malpractice, liability, negligence, abandonment, false imprisonment and fraud. 	
03.03	Demonstrate procedures for accurate documentation and record keeping. 	
03.04	Interpret healthcare facility policy and procedures. 	
03.05	Explain the “Patient’s Bill of Rights”.	
03.06	Identify standards of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA).	
03.07	Describe advance directives. 	
03.08	Describe informed consent. 	
03.09	Explain the laws governing harassment, labor and employment. 	
03.10	Differentiate between legal and ethical issues in healthcare.	
03.11	Describe a code of ethics consistent with the healthcare occupation. 	
03.12	Identify and compare personal, professional, and organizational ethics. 	
03.13	Recognize the limits of authority and responsibility of health care workers including legislated scope of practice. 	
03.14	Recognize and report illegal and/or unethical practices of healthcare workers. 	
03.15	Recognize and report abuse including domestic violence and neglect. 	
03.16	Distinguish among the five schedules of controlled substances.	
04.0	Demonstrate an understanding of and apply wellness and disease concepts–The student will be able to:	
04.01	Describe strategies for prevention of diseases including health screenings and examinations. 	
04.02	Identify personal health practices and environmental factors which affect optimal function of each of the major body systems.	
04.03	Identify psychological reactions to illness including defense mechanisms. 	
04.04	Identify complementary and alternative health practices. 	
04.05	Discuss the adverse effects of the use of alcohol, tobacco, and both legal and illegal drugs on the human body and apply safety practices related to these and other high risk behaviors. 	
04.06	Explain the basic concepts of positive self image, wellness and stress. 	
04.07	Develop a wellness and stress control plan that can be used in personal and professional life. 	
04.08	Explore and utilize the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s MyPlate food guide (www.choosemyplate.gov).	
04.09	Recognize the steps in the grief process. 	
05.0	Recognize and practice safety and security procedures–The student will be able to:	
05.01	Recognize safe and unsafe working conditions and report safety hazards. 	
05.02	Demonstrate the safe use of medical equipment.	
05.03	Explain and apply the theory of root- cause analysis.  	
05.04	Identify and describe methods in medical error reduction and prevention in the various healthcare settings. 	
05.05	Identify and practice security procedures for medical supplies and equipment. 	
05.06	Demonstrate personal safety procedures based on Occupations Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and Centers for Disease Control (CDC) regulations (including standard precautions). 	
05.07	Recognize Materials Data Safety Sheets (MSDS) and comply with safety signs, symbols and labels. 	
05.08	Demonstrate proper body mechanics and ergonomics. 	
05.09	Demonstrate the procedure for properly identifying patients. 	
05.10	Demonstrate procedures for the safe transport and transfer of patients. 	
05.11	Describe fire, safety, disaster and evacuations procedures. 	
05.12	Discuss The Joint Commission patient safety goals (www.jointcommission.org). 	
06.0	Recognize and respond to emergency situations–The student will be able to:	
06.01	Monitor and record vital signs.	
06.02	Describe legal parameters relating to the administration of emergency care. 	
06.03	Obtain and maintain training or certification on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid. 	
06.04	Recognize adverse drug related emergencies and take appropriate first aid action. 	
07.0	Recognize and practice infection control procedures–The student will be able to:	
07.01	Define principles of infection control including standard and transmission based precautions.	
07.02	Demonstrate knowledge of medical asepsis and practice procedures such as hand-washing and isolation. 	
07.03	Demonstrate knowledge of surgical asepsis. 	
07.04	Describe how to dispose correctly of biohazardous materials according to appropriate government guidelines such as OSHA. 	
08.0	Demonstrate an understanding of information technology applications in healthcare–The student will be able to:	
08.01	Describe technology applications in healthcare. 	
08.02	Define terms and demonstrate basic computer skills. 	
08.03	Recognize technology applications in healthcare. 	
08.04	Interpret information from electronic medical documents. 	
08.05	Identify methods of communication to access and distribute data such as fax, e-mail and internet. 	
09.0	Demonstrate employability skills–The student will be able to:	
09.01	Identify personal traits or attitudes desirable in a member of the healthcare team. 	
09.02	Exemplify basic professional standards of healthcare workers as they apply to hygiene, dress, language, confidentiality and behavior (i.e. telephone etiquette, courtesy and self-introductions). 	
09.03	Identify documents that may be required when applying for a job. 	
09.04	Write an appropriate resume. 	
09.05	Conduct a job search. 	
09.06	Complete a job application form correctly.	
09.07	Examine levels of education, credentialing requirements including licensure and certification, employment opportunities, workplace environments and career growth potential. 	
09.08	Recognize levels of education, credentialing requirements, employment opportunities, workplace environments and career growth potential. 	
09.09	Identify acceptable work habits. 	
09.10	Recognize appropriate affective/professional behavior. 	
09.11	Compare careers within the health science career pathways (diagnostic services, therapeutic services, health informatics, support services or biotechnology research and development). 	
10.0	Demonstrate knowledge of blood borne diseases, including HIV/AIDS–The student will be able to:	
10.01	Recognize emerging diseases and disorders.	
10.02	Distinguish between fact and fallacy about the transmission and treatment of diseases caused by blood borne pathogens including Hepatitis B.	
10.03	Identify community resources and services available to the individuals with diseases caused by blood borne pathogens.	
10.04	Identify "at risk" behaviors which promote the spread of diseases caused by blood borne pathogens and the public education necessary to combat the spread of these diseases.	
10.05	Apply infection control techniques designed to prevent the spread of diseases caused by blood borne pathogens to the care of all patients following Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines.	
10.06	Demonstrate knowledge of the legal aspects of HIV/AIDS, including testing.	
11.0	Apply basic math and science skills–The student will be able to:	
11.01	Draw, read, and report on graphs, charts and tables.	
11.02	Measure time, temperature, distance, capacity, and mass/weight.	
11.03	Make, use and convert using both traditional and metric units. 	
11.04	Make estimations and approximations and judge the reasonableness of the result.	
11.05	Convert from regular to 24 hour time.	
11.06	Demonstrate ability to evaluate and draw conclusions.	
11.07	Organize and communicate the results obtained by observation and experimentation.	
11.08	Ask appropriate scientific questions and recognize what is involved in experimental approaches to the solution of such questions.	
11.09	Calculate ratios.	
Diagnostic Medical Sonography Specialist:  The intended outcomes complete the occupational completion point of Diagnostic Medical Sonography Specialist.	
12.0	Demonstrate an awareness of the uses of ultrasound imaging, types of presentations, orientation, and relationships to other imaging modalities–The student will be able to:	
12.01	Describe the relationship of ultrasound to other imaging fields.	
12.02	Explain the role of the sonographer.	
12.03	Describe and explain the proper uses of orientation and standard labeling of ultrasound images.	
12.04	Describe/Explain protocol for a sonogram from the time the exam is ordered to the time your patient is ready to be scanned.	
12.05	Explain the basic concepts of ultrasound equipment available and demonstrate safety in their use and basic techniques of scanning.	
12.06	Explain and use the criteria for image evaluation and specifically of special sonographic parameters.	
12.07	Describe special problems encountered and methods to improve medical ethics in sonography.	
12.08	Describe the organizational structure common to most hospitals with special emphasis placed on the role of the ultrasound department.	
12.09	Describe the relationship of the sonographer to the patients and their special needs.	
13.0	Demonstrate an awareness of the basic principles of ultrasound physics, emphasizing practical relationships of physics to proper diagnosis–The student will be able to:	
13.01	Explain what sound is and its characteristics.	
13.02	Compare the difference between pulsed and continuous wave sound.	
13.03	Explain amplitude and intensity of sound as it applies to the field of ultrasound.	
13.04	Describe the causes and effects of attenuation and acoustic impedance on ultrasound.	
13.05	Identify the causes and effects of incidence, scattering and refraction of ultrasound.	
13.06	Explain the Doppler effect and its use in medicine.	
13.07	Describe the factors of attenuation versus depth penetration of ultrasound in human tissue.	
13.08	Identify resolution and controlling factors of resolution as applied to the field of ultrasound.	
14.0	Demonstrate an awareness of ultrasound physics by exploring the various aspects of the field through individual experimentation–The student will be able to:	
14.01	Discuss and demonstrate the basic principles governing sound and sound interaction in various types of tissue.	
14.02	Describe and demonstrate the conditions affecting sound transmission such as the attenuation factors.	
14.03	Relate mathematical formulas to the action of sound at interfaces of various qualities.	
14.04	Describe resolution and its effect on the final image.	
14.05	Describe and demonstrate the factors that control and determine both axial, elevational and lateral resolution.	
15.0	Apply knowledge of the anatomy and scanning techniques related to the upper abdominal organs and systems–The student will be able to:	
15.01	Draw and label the gross upper abdominal organs in both longitudinal and transverse dimensions.	
15.02	Identify the gross upper abdominal anatomy as demonstrated by sonography, and common anatomic drawings.	
15.03	Explain the physiology of the upper abdominal organs and the related lab examinations.	
15.04	Explain the normal preparations for the sonographic demonstration of the upper abdominal organs.	
15.05	Explain the protocol for (actual) scanning sonographically the upper abdominal organs.	
15.06	Explain the common pathology related to the upper abdomen and correlate with special scanning techniques.	
15.07	Demonstrate the normal anatomy of the upper abdomen with a real‑time device.	
15.08	Explain the various types of equipment and their selection in performing an ultrasound exam.	
15.09	Explain and use the various techniques of instrumentation required to create a diagnostic sonogram.	
15.10	Explain and use the methods of patient preparation and care before and during a sonogram.	
15.11	Present a sonographic exam in completed form.	
15.12	Perform a complete ultrasound examination of the upper abdomen with little if any assistance (from patient preparation to final reading).	
15.13	Demonstrate skills to develop and maintain the special relationship of the sonographer to the patient and to other persons in medicine.	
15.14	Demonstrate laboratory safety techniques as related to sonographic imaging units in the patient examination situation.	
15.15	Use basic techniques for orientation and labeling of sonographic images.	
15.16	Describe the preparations and over‑all procedures for a typical ultrasound examination of the upper abdomen.	
15.17	Identify gross abdominal structures as demonstrated by ultrasound such as the liver, gall bladder, aorta, inferior vena cava, stomach, pancreas, bowel and spleen.	
16.0	Demonstrate an awareness of the basic principles of instrumentation common to the field of ultrasound–The student will be able to:	
16.01	Describe piezoelectric effects.	
16.02	Describe both static and real‑time transducer construction.	
16.03	Discuss historical perspective of scanner development.	
16.04	Explain and describe signal processing how it effects image presentations.	
16.05	Discuss basic unit construction in the form of block diagrams static, real‑time and Doppler.	
16.06	Describe the purpose and use of typical controls located on static, real‑time and Doppler ultrasound scanners.	
16.07	Identify methods of determining and assuring quality control both sonographically and photographically.	
16.08	Demonstrate communication skills required on a daily basis in the typical sonography setting.	
16.09	Discuss causes, detection and control of factors that may create biologic effects in human tissue with insonation at the diagnostic medical exposure level.	
17.0	Apply knowledge gained in instrumentation lecture and work with actual ultrasound scanners similar to those found in local hospitals–The student will be able to:	
17.01	Develop and use patient information systems and impressions.	
17.02	Explain the various types of transducers available on the market, their construction and selection for sonographic imaging.	
17.03	Explain and use amplification in all its forms to produce a diagnostic quality sonogram.	
17.04	Explain and use power to produce a diagnostic quality sonogram.	
17.05	Explain and use the various forms of processing to produce a diagnostic quality sonogram.	
17.06	Explain and use the various types of scanning movements required to produce diagnostic quality sonograms.	
17.07	To explain and recognize typical artifacts as found in sonographic imaging and photography.	
17.08	Explain and use a test object.	
17.09	Quality assurance and equipment maintenance & testing	
18.0	Demonstrate awareness of knowledge of anatomy, pathology and scanning techniques used in modern sonography for obstetrics–The student will be able to:	
18.01	Describe the basic stages of embryology and sonographic relationships.	
18.02	Describe events occurring in the first trimester and their relationship to ultrasound.	
18.03	Discuss anatomy, physiology and pathology of the various stages of fetal development as related to ultrasound.	
18.04	Discuss anatomy, physiology and pathology of the placenta at all stages of development.	
18.05	Describe methods for determining gestational and fetal growth by ultrasound and physical examination methods.	
18.06	Identify specific diseases common to the gestational period.	
18.07	Describe normal anatomy of the female pelvis and its relationship to ultrasound.	
18.08	Compare normal and abnormal states of embryology in the human as demonstrated by ultrasound.	
18.09	Explain the normal anatomy of the pregnant uterus and dating techniques of the fetus and placenta.	
18.10	Compare the normal and pathologic appearance of the fetus.	
18.11	Demonstrate special techniques of ultrasound scanning and collateral processes during pregnancy.	
19.0	Apply knowledge of anatomy, pathology, and scanning techniques used in modern sonography of the pelvis–The student will be able to:	
19.01	Explain sonographic evaluation of the female pelvis in the pathologic state.	
19.02	Discuss anatomy, physiology and pathology of the female reproductive organs.	
19.03	Describe the normal anatomy and scanning techniques used to demonstrate the female and male pelvis.	
19.04	Describe pathology common to the human pelvis and special techniques for demonstrating sonographically.	
19.05	Explain the process used to develop pelvic mass charts and their use.	
20.0	Demonstrate awareness of knowledge of anatomy, pathology, and scanning techniques used in modern sonography of the genitourinary system–The student will be able to:	
20.01	Identify anatomy of renals.	
20.02	Describe physiology of renals.	
20.03	Discuss pathology of renals.	
20.04	Explain scanning techniques of renals.	
20.05	Discuss anatomy, physiology, pathology and scanning techniques of adrenals.	
20.06	Discuss gross anatomy, pathology and scanning techniques of the ureters, urinary bladder, prostate, testicles.	
20.07	Compare the normal and pathologic anatomy of the human renal system to include adrenals.	
20.08	Describe the scanning techniques common to sonographic imaging of the renals and the adrenals.	
21.0	Develop a continuous awareness of the disease processes–The student will be able to:	
21.01	Discuss basic concepts of the causes of disease.	
21.02	Discuss common urogenital pathology.	
21.03	Discuss gastrointestinal diseases.	
21.04	Discuss common pathology found in obstetrics and gynocology.	
21.05	Discuss common pathology found in the cardiovascular system.	
21.06	Discuss common pathology found in hepatobiliary system to include: liver, gallbladder, pancreas and spleen. 	
22.0	Apply accumulated knowledge to the process of creating diagnostic sonograms–The student will be able to:	
22.01	Complete in all aspects a diagnostic sonogram with emphasis on:  	
22.01.01	patient identification	
22.01.02	patient interaction	
22.01.03	general attitude	
22.01.04	creation of sonogram	
22.01.05	safety	
22.01.06	recognition of anatomy, both normal and pathologic.	
22.02	Complete routine documentation associated with a typical ultrasound department.	
23.0	Apply skills needed to complete diagnostic images of high quality from a variety of scanning units–The student will be able to:	
23.01	Perform complete and diagnostic examinations of the abdomen, pelvis and obstetrical patient using real‑time and/or static devices.	
23.02	Present completed examinations in detail with justification of all techniques, methods and procedures used to obtain data.	
23.03	Identify gross pathology of the abdomen, pelvis and obstetrical patient, both on sonograms and related imaging modalities.	
23.04	Perform all preliminary procedures leading to actual examination by sonography and all procedures necessary post examination.	
23.05	Demonstrate skills needed to relate with tact and diplomacy with patients, physicians, nurses, other imaging personnel and the general hospital population.	
23.06	Demonstrate those characteristics that reflect the high degree of professionalism associated with the field of ultrasound.	

Additional Information

Laboratory Activities

Laboratory activities are an integral part of this program.  These activities include instruction in the use of safety procedures, tools, equipment, materials, and processes related to these occupations.  Equipment and supplies should be provided to enhance hands-on experiences for students. 

Special Notes

This program meets the Department of Health HIV/AIDS Domestic Violence and Prevention of Medical Errors education requirements.  Upon completion of this program, the instructor will provide a certificate to the student verifying that these requirements have been met.

If students in this program are seeking a licensure, certificate or registration through the Department of Health, please refer to 456.0635 F.S. for more information on disqualification for a license, certificate, or registration through the Department of Health. 

The program should meet the requirements of:

Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs (CAAHEP)  
361 Park St. 
Clearwater, FL 33756
(727) 210-2350
www.caahep.org

Written clinical affiliation agreements must be maintained with each health care facility.  Health care facilities must be accredited by The Joint Commission.

The designation of PSV-C requires that the student have an associate degree in a related field of study (i.e. radiologic technology, nursing-RN, etc.).  Upon the successful completion of the program the student will receive a Diagnostic Medical Sonography Specialist Certificate.

Students completing this program may apply to take one or both of the national registry examinations to obtain certification, for further information contact: 

American Registry of Diagnostic 
Medical Sonographers (ARDMS) 
51 Monroe St. Plaza East 1
Rockville, Maryland 20850-2400
(301) 738-8401
www.ardms.org

Or 

American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT)
1255 Northland Drive 
St. Paul, MN 55120-1155
(612) 687-0048
www.arrt.org

Outcomes 01-11 are referred to as the Health Careers Core and do not have to be completed if the student has previously completed the Core in another health science program.  The Core should be taken first or concurrently with the first course in the program.  Following the successful completion of the core, the student is eligible to take the National Health Care Foundation Skill Standards Assessment with instructor approval and the completion of a portfolio.

Career and Technical Student Organization (CTSO)

HOSA: Future Health Professionals is the appropriate career and technical student organization for providing leadership training and reinforcing specific career and technical skills.  Career and Technical Student Organizations provide activities for students as an integral part of the instruction offered.  The activities of such organizations are defined as part of the curriculum in accordance with Rule 6A-6.065, F.A.C.

Accommodations

Federal and state legislation requires the provision of accommodations for students with disabilities as identified on the secondary student’s Individual Educational Plan (IEP) or 504 plan or postsecondary student’s accommodations’ plan to meet individual needs and ensure equal access.  Postsecondary students with disabilities must self-identify, present documentation, request accommodations if needed, and develop a plan with their counselor and/or instructors.  Accommodations received in postsecondary education may differ from those received in secondary education.  Accommodations change the way the student is instructed.  Students with disabilities may need accommodations in such areas as instructional methods and materials, assignments and assessments, time demands and schedules, learning environment, assistive technology and special communication systems.  Documentation of the accommodations requested and provided should be maintained in a confidential file.

Articulation

For details on articulation agreements which correlate to programs and industry certifications refer to http://www.fldoe.org/workforce/dwdframe/artic_frame.asp.